Effects of BRCA2 cis-regulation in normal breast and cancer risk amongst BRCA2 mutation carriers, Breast Cancer Research
Por um escritor misterioso
Last updated 25 outubro 2024
Introduction Cis-acting regulatory single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at specific loci may modulate penetrance of germline mutations at the same loci by introducing different levels of expression of the wild-type allele. We have previously reported that BRCA2 shows differential allelic expression and we hypothesize that the known variable penetrance of BRCA2 mutations might be associated with this mechanism. Methods We combined haplotype analysis and differential allelic expression of BRCA2 in breast tissue to identify expression haplotypes and candidate cis-regulatory variants. These candidate variants underwent selection based on in silico predictions for regulatory potential and disruption of transcription factor binding, and were functionally analyzed in vitro and in vivo in normal and breast cancer cell lines. SNPs tagging the expression haplotypes were correlated with the total expression of several genes in breast tissue measured by Taqman and microarray technologies. The effect of the expression haplotypes on breast cancer risk in BRCA2 mutation carriers was investigated in 2,754 carriers. Results We identified common haplotypes associated with differences in the levels of BRCA2 expression in human breast cells. We characterized three cis-regulatory SNPs located at the promoter and two intronic regulatory elements which affect the binding of the transcription factors C/EBPα, HMGA1, D-binding protein (DBP) and ZF5. We showed that the expression haplotypes also correlated with changes in the expression of other genes in normal breast. Furthermore, there was suggestive evidence that the minor allele of SNP rs4942440, which is associated with higher BRCA2 expression, is also associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer (per-allele hazard ratio (HR) = 0.85, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.72 to 1.00, P-trend = 0.048). Conclusions Our work provides further insights into the role of cis-regulatory variation in the penetrance of disease-causing mutations. We identified small-effect genetic variants associated with allelic expression differences in BRCA2 which could possibly affect the risk in mutation carriers through altering expression levels of the wild-type allele.
Cancer Risk for Women Carrying BRCA Mutations - NCI
Herpesvirus infections eliminate safeguards against breast cancer and its metastasis: comparable to hereditary breast cancers
Mapping of cis-regulatory variants by differential allelic expression analysis identifies candidate risk variants and target genes of 27 breast cancer risk loci
Frontiers Familial Breast Cancer: Disease Related Gene Mutations and Screening Strategies for Chinese Population
BRCA1 and BRCA2 in breast cancer - The Lancet
PARP Inhibitors for BRCA1/2 mutation-associated and BRCA-like malignancies - Annals of Oncology
High-throughput functional evaluation of BRCA2 variants of unknown significance
The HMMR locus and breast cancer risk in BRCA1 mutation carriers. (A)
Breast cancer development and progression: Risk factors, cancer stem cells, signaling pathways, genomics, and molecular pathogenesis - ScienceDirect
Cancers, Free Full-Text
Cancers, Free Full-Text
Cancers, Free Full-Text
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